Medical College Hospital, A. Patients were from Indo-Aryan Ethnic group. All types except isolated nail and arthritic psoriasis and all grades of psoriasis were included. Exclusion criteria were other concomitant dermatological or medical disorders, such as lichen planus, alopecia areata, vitiligo and other autoimmune disorder.
Control group comprised of patient attendants, and patients with acne, impetigo, melasma, scabies, herpes simplex, milia etc. Potassium hydroxide examination was done in almost all cases to rule out fungal infection.
Biopsy of nail was taken in those whose diagnosis of nail psoriasis was not sure from clinical appearance. Simple questionnaire was used. In cases of infants and children, history of total duration was taken from their parents.
A careful examination of all finger nails was done in all cases in day light. Pitting was divided in three groups: Less than 20; ; and more than Disease severity was calculated by using psoriasis area severity index PASI.
Patient with PASI of 10 was kept in mild psoriasis, more than 10 as a severe psoriasis. Duration of disease was divided into two groups: Less than 1 year and more than 1 year. A total of psoriatic patients were included in study group and in control group cases were taken.
In study group, Majority of patients were having chronic plaque type of psoriasis Patient characteristics are given in Table 1. According to PASI, cases In study group, finger nail pitting was present in 37 percent of cases [ Table 2 ], in which total number of nail pits were less than 20 in 17 percent; in 8 percent; and more than 60 in 12 percent [ Table 3 ].
In control group, nail pitting was present in 9. Total duration wise, Nail changes are frequent in psoriasis. These changes are seen in association with all types of psoriasis of the skin and are frequently present with psoriatic arthropathy. These morphologic alterations reflect the extent to which the psoriatic process affects the various portions of the nail organ.
Nail organ consists of proximal nail fold, nail matrix, nail bed and hyponychium. Localization of psoriatic tissue changes at these sites and duration of these processes decide the degree of nail involvement. The proximal nail fold is a skin fold that consists of dorsal and a ventral portion. The dorsal portion is anatomically similar to the skin of the dorsum of the digit but thinner and devoid of pilosebaceous units.
Pits are apparently due to disturbance in maturation and defective keratinization of the dorsal side of the proximal nail fold. Alkiewics[ 6 ] claims that the pits are due to the retention of nuclei in parts of the nail keratin; these areas, being weaker, are shed and the pits are form when the surface is lost.
Disease severity was classified according to PASI into mild and severe. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. See more conditions. Request Appointment.
Healthy Lifestyle Fingernails: Possible problems. Products and services. Slide show: 7 fingernail problems not to ignore. Previous Next 1 of 7 Nail pitting Did you know that your fingernails can provide clues to your overall health? Over time, your nails may become looser and begin to crumble.
These include nail pitting, separation, and white discoloration. You may also see a thin line of blood under your fingernails or toenails. Some of these symptoms may also indicate a nail infection, warns the AAD. That's why it's important to have your nails examined by a dermatologist as soon as you notice any changes.
Psoriasis isn't the only cause of nail pitting. Sometimes, this condition may occur because of vitiligo, alopecia areata, eczema, or reactive arthritis, according to WebMD. However, if you do have an underlying condition, you'll likely experience other symptoms as well. Reactive arthritis, for example, also causes joint pain and inflammation.
Conditions that cause it include trauma, psoriasis and fungal infections. A look at a black line on the nail, a common change that can happen due to a range of causes. Included is detail on the diagnosis and when to see a…. Everything you need to know about nail pitting Written by Tom Seymour on September 8, Signs and symptoms Causes and related conditions Diagnosis and when to see a doctor Treatment options Management tips Outlook Nail pitting is when small depressions appear on the surface of the nails.
Signs and symptoms. Share on Pinterest Nail pitting most commonly develops on the fingernails, although it may occur on the toenails. Causes and related conditions.
Diagnosis and when to see a doctor. Share on Pinterest A biopsy may be required to diagnose the cause of nail pitting. Treatment options. Management tips. Share on Pinterest Wearing gloves when performing manual labor will protect the hands and nails. Dermatology Psoriasis. Written by Tom Seymour on September 8, Latest news Adolescent depression: Could school screening help?
Exposure to air pollutants may amplify risk for depression in healthy individuals. Related Coverage. All you need to know about ridges in fingernails. Medically reviewed by Elaine K.
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